📘 Precalculus Trigonometry Basics

Recommended: 30–40 minutes. No calculator.

Problems

1.

Tags: Basic Trig · Easy · source: Original (AMC-style)

What is sin(30°)?

A) $\frac{1}{2}$ B) $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ C) $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$ D) $1$ E) $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$

Answer & Solution

Answer: A

sin(30°) = 1/2.

2.

Tags: Cosine Values · Easy · source: Original (AMC-style)

What is cos(60°)?

A) $\frac{1}{2}$ B) $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ C) $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$ D) $1$ E) $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$

Answer & Solution

Answer: A

cos(60°) = 1/2.

3.

Tags: Tangent Values · Easy · source: Original (AMC-style)

What is tan(45°)?

A) $0$ B) $\frac{1}{2}$ C) $1$ D) $\sqrt{2}$ E) $\sqrt{3}$

Answer & Solution

Answer: C

tan(45°) = 1.

4.

Tags: Special Angles · Easy · source: Original (AMC-style)

What is sin(90°)?

A) $0$ B) $\frac{1}{2}$ C) $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ D) $1$ E) $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$

Answer & Solution

Answer: D

sin(90°) = 1.

5.

Tags: Trig Identities · Easy · source: Original (AMC-style)

What is sin²(30°) + cos²(30°)?

A) $0$ B) $\frac{1}{2}$ C) $1$ D) $\frac{3}{2}$ E) $2$

Answer & Solution

Answer: C

By the Pythagorean identity: sin²(θ) + cos²(θ) = 1 for any angle θ.

6.

Tags: Trig Ratios · Easy · source: Original (AMC-style)

In a right triangle with angle 30°, if the opposite side is 1, what is the hypotenuse?

A) $1$ B) $2$ C) $\sqrt{2}$ D) $\sqrt{3}$ E) $\frac{1}{2}$

Answer & Solution

Answer: B

sin(30°) = opposite/hypotenuse = 1/hypotenuse = 1/2, so hypotenuse = 2.

7.

Tags: Trig Functions · Medium · source: Original (AMC-style)

What is the period of sin(x)?

A) $\pi$ B) $2\pi$ C) $4\pi$ D) $\frac{\pi}{2}$ E) $\frac{\pi}{4}$

Answer & Solution

Answer: B

The period of sin(x) is 2Ï€.

8.

Tags: Trig Graphs · Medium · source: Original (AMC-style)

What is the amplitude of 3sin(x)?

A) $1$ B) $2$ C) $3$ D) $6$ E) $9$

Answer & Solution

Answer: C

The amplitude of 3sin(x) is 3.

9.

Tags: Trig Equations · Medium · source: Original (AMC-style)

What is the general solution to sin(x) = 0?

A) $x = 0$ B) $x = \pi$ C) $x = n\pi$ for integer n D) $x = \frac{\pi}{2} + n\pi$ for integer n E) $x = 2n\pi$ for integer n

Answer & Solution

Answer: C

sin(x) = 0 when x = nπ for any integer n.

10.

Tags: Trig Identities · Medium · source: Original (AMC-style)

What is 1 + tan²(45°)?

A) $1$ B) $2$ C) $\sqrt{2}$ D) $\frac{1}{2}$ E) $\frac{3}{2}$

Answer & Solution

Answer: B

1 + tan²(45°) = 1 + 1² = 2.

11.

Tags: Advanced Trig · Hard · source: Original (AMC-style)

What is sin(15°)?

A) $\frac{\sqrt{6} - \sqrt{2}}{4}$ B) $\frac{\sqrt{6} + \sqrt{2}}{4}$ C) $\frac{\sqrt{3} - 1}{2}$ D) $\frac{\sqrt{3} + 1}{2}$ E) $\frac{1}{2}$

Answer & Solution

Answer: A

Using the angle difference formula: sin(15°) = sin(45° - 30°) = (√6 - √2)/4.

12.

Tags: Complex Trig · Hard · source: Original (AMC-style)

What is the value of sin(75°)cos(15°)?

A) $\frac{1}{4}$ B) $\frac{1}{2}$ C) $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}$ D) $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}$ E) $\frac{1}{8}$

Answer & Solution

Answer: A

Using the product-to-sum formula: sin(75°)cos(15°) = (1/2)[sin(90°) + sin(60°)] = (1/2)[1 + √3/2] = 1/4.

Answer Key

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